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Epidemiologic Analysis and Preventing the Spread of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) perspective

In the decade since the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was discovered, the epidemic has grown steadily each year. According to the Global Health Council (2006) by 2005, the number of those infected has grown to more than 40 million, double the number in 1995. By the end of 2005, 40.3 million people were living with HIV/AIDS world wide, including 17.5 million women and 2.3 million children under the age of 15. Without prevention efforts, 35% of children born to an HIV positive mother will become infected with HIV.

At least a quarter of newborns infected with HIV die before age one, and up to 60% will die before reaching their second birthdays. World-wide, only one in ten persons infected with HIV has been tested and knows his/her HIV status (Global Health Council, 2006). As the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the United States has progressed, strategies that are associated with the prevention, treatment and monitoring of the disease are important in controlling the spread of the epidemic. Epidemiology plays an important role in decision making strategies by monitoring data which can give insights into the infection rates of HIV in various segments of the population.

The uses of epidemiologic data is crucial in the surveillance of the decrease in overall HIV incidence, the substantial increase in survival after AIDS diagnosis and the continued disparities among racial/ethnic minority populations. This paper will discuss the role and uses of epidemiologic data relating to HIV evolution, definition and refinement of a disease management programs.

Disease management of HIV

According to Wright (2005) the number of Americans living with HIV who are over 45 years old grew by 60 percent between 1999and 2002. The epidemic aging is a sign of success: "We have learned how to keep people alive with HIV. As individuals grow old with HIV, the treatment for the virus will begin to collide with treatment for a host of other health concerns that plague aging individuals.

There are about 20 antiretroviral drugs available in the U.S. to stop the loss of natural defenses in HIV infection. What is so troubling for individuals with HIV/AIDS is that protease inhibitors are associated with diabetes, heart disease liver and kidney disorders (Wright, 2005). Epidemiologic analyses/data in a hospital setting can be use to identifying these disorders in the population that are a result of the treatment of HIV/AIDS. The use of epidemiologic data can lead to a more effective care planning for individuals that will be effected by the prolong uses of antiretroviral medication.

HIV/AIDS surveillance

According to Fos and Fine (2005) most healthcare organizations have in place surveillance programs charged with the responsibility to monitor key indictors, such as infection rates. The focus of these surveillances is to target infections that are frequent and preventable, and that generate high treatment cost or serious effects on either morbidity or mortality (Fos and Fine, 2005 p.167). Organizations that seek to prevent HIV infection must utilize HIV surveillance to provide timely and accurate data that is relevant to the ever changing demographic, cultural and social economic spectrum of HIV/AIDS disease.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2006) indicate the HIV epidemic has continued to expand in the United States; at the end of 2003, approximately 1,039,000--1,185,000 persons in the United States were living with HIV/AIDS, an estimated 24%--27% of whom were unaware of their infection. In the United States there are an estimated 252,000--312,000 persons unaware that they are infected with HIV and, therefore, are unaware of their risk for HIV transmission. Analysis of data collected by the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System, which surveys populations at high risk for HIV to assess prevalence and trends in risk behavior, HIV testing, and use of prevention services, revealed that of at risk population surveyed in five U.S. cities, 25% were infected with HIV and of those, 48% were unaware of their infection (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2006). These results underscore the need to increase HIV testing and prevention efforts among populations at high risk.

With in a hospital or community-based health care setting primary prevention is vital in the efforts to stop the spread of HIV/AIDS. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2006) indicates early studies of HIV counseling and testing observed considerable reductions in risk among persons who learned that they were HIV seropositive. A shift in client-centered counseling that emphasized increasing the client's perception of risk and developing a personalized risk-reduction plan substantially increased condom use and decreased new sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among HIV-seronegative patients at STD clinics (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2006).

Since the HIV/AIDS epidemic was first recognized, there has been geographic clustering of AIDS cases with the United States. Morse, Lessner, Medvesky, Glebatis and Novick (1991) suggest clustering is related to pools of HIV infected individuals and to risk behavior activities which occur most frequently in metropolitan areas and states with large populations at risk. Identification of geographic clusters of cases can be useful in focusing preventive efforts and allocation of health care resources (Morse et. al, 1991).

Epidemiologic surveys

Surveys often provide reliable, in-depth, population based data on specific groups. According to Whitmore, Zaidi, and Dean (2005) epidemiologic surveys may be cohort, case control, longitudinal, or cross sectional studies. These studies are not considered a part of routine public health surveillance but help health care decision-makers identify populations at greater risk for HIV infection (Whitmore, Zaidi, & Dean, 2005). The unique feature about an epidemiologic survey is the collection of data comes directly for the population. This information can be compared to other collected epidemiological data such demographic or geographic indicators to provide a descriptive evaluation of morbidity and risk in the community. The inclusion of multiple data sources using epidemiologic information enables planners in hospitals to know the strengths and limitations of the services provided.

Prevention planning

Fos and Fine (2005) suggest rational efforts to prevent disease and disability are rooted solidly in clinical epidemiology. In fact, preventive practices not supported by clinical epidemiologic evidence may be dangerous or costly, or both. Epidemiology is critical to our understanding of the prevalence of any disease its and its natural history (Fos & Fine, 2005 p. 244). Preventing and treating HIV/AIDS over a long period of time can be problematic in an era of limited health care resources. According to Whitmore, Zaidi, and Dean (2005) effective HIV prevention planning should be an evidence-based process.

Epidemiologic profiles and assessments of community services are primary sources of that evidence. In the past, epidemiologic profiles have emphasized HIV/AIDS surveillance data because of its universal availability and high quality. An ideal intergraded epidemiologic profile describes the effect of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in terms of social demographic, geographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics for decision-makers to make informed decisions (Whitmore, Zaidi, and Dean, 2005). Epidemiologic data can aid in the decision-making processes in a hospital or community-based health care setting by developing a comprehensive picture of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the community.

Data that describes the sociodemographic characteristics of the general population can provide a baseline for comparing educational status, poverty level, and insurance coverage of individuals infected with HIV. Epidemiologic data can also identify populations for whom HIV risk behavior or HIV/AIDS prevalence information is needed. Community-base organizations can use epidemiologic data to identify which racial/ethnic groups are at risk and to focus interventions appropriately. The use of epidemiologic data in a health care setting allows health care decisions-makers to identify which populations are receiving HIV primary medical care.

Conclusion

HIV prevention and care involves planning between health departments and HIV-affected communities. The inclusion of multiple data sources in the decision making process enables decision makers to optimize the strength and validity of finding presented in epidemiologic analyses/data. HIV/AIDS surveillance data along with social demographic, geographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics must all be included in the decision making process to paint a three dimensional picture of HIV/AIDS epidemic.

Epidemiologic data has refine disease management by further describing the socialdemographic characteristics of persons infected with HIV and comorbid conditions, such as tuberculosis, hepatitis and other STDs. The application of epidemiologic analyses/ data must continuously be developed and used to lead health care providers to more effective prevention and care planning for individuals infected with HIV. Fos and Fine (2005) suggest epidemiological data can help health care decision makers to identify, evaluate and select alternatives. Epidemiology can help decision makers set criteria on which solution in an epidemic will be the most cost effective utilization of health care resources (Fos & Fine, 2005). A health care decision maker can use epidemiological data to prioritize and focus prevention and care services to specific subpopulations. Data on STD morbidity, HIV and tuberculosis comorbidity, mortality data, seroprevalence studies may provide a more comprehensive picture of the HIV epidemic.

At present there is little known about the long-term effects of any of the anti-HIV medications now on the market. Even more alarming are the effectives that risk behaviors have on the transmission of HIV. In the future hospitals and community -based health care setting may one day use epidemiological data to answer some of these questions in the search for preventing and treating HIV/AIDS epidemic.

Reference

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2006). HIV/AIDS Retrieved April 25, 2006 from http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hepatitis/c/plan/Implement.htm Fos, P. J. & Fine, D. J. (2005). Managerial Epidemiology for health care organizations (2nd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass

Global Health Council (2006) HIV/AIDS Retrieved June, 9, 2006 from http://globalhealth.org/view_top.php3?id=227

Letendre, S. & Ellis, R. (2006) Neurologic complications of HIV disease and their treatments. Topic in HIV Medicine 14(1)21, The International AIDS Society-USA

Morse, D. L., Lessner, L., Medvesky, M. G., Glebatis, D. M. & Novick, L. F. (1991). IV. Geographic distribution of newborn HIV seroprevalence in relation to four sociodemographic variables. American Journal of Public Health Vol. 8 Retrieved June 10, 2005 from EBSCO host database

Whitmore, S. K., Zaidi, I. F., & Hazel, D. D. (2005). The integrated epidemiologic profile: Using multiple data sources in developing profiles to inform HIV prevention and care planning. AIDS Education and Prevention, 17, supplement B, p. 3-16 Retrieved June 10, 2006 from EBSCO host database

Wright, K. (2005). The time is now. Los Angeles, CA. The Black AIDS Institute

Bio- Dr. Gilton C. Grange

Dr. Gilton Grange's formal education includes a Doctorate of Philosophy in Health Administration from the University of Phoenix, A Master of Public Administration from Long Island University and A Bachelor of Arts degree fro State University of New York at Buffalo.

Dr. Grange has 12 years extensive experience in the Health Care arena and currently has concentrated his efforts in grant writing and grant development for organizations that seek to grow their businesses. Dr. Grange's company BridgeBuider Consortium provides services in proposal writing, management and costing for firms and organizations bidding on government contracts and grants. Dr. Grange is currently working on his first comprehensive book that focuses on multi-disciplinary teams in an organizational construct.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Dr._Gilton_Grange

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From Heart Issues to Heart Attacks

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by: Rcon Franchesca Pascua

Nothing beats the pain of having your heart broken by someone you truly, madly, deeply in love with. It is true that ending the relationship is probably the nastiest and the most hurtful scenario in a romantic relationship. Nobody wants their hearts to be broken, and no one can really tell what it feels like unless they are or have been in that situation already.

Yes, going through a bad relationship is tough, and lucky and brave are those who survive it. Unlucky, however, for those who suffer from heart attacks because of a broken heart.

According to a recent study in Europe, it has been observed among thousands of British civilians that it is possible for an individual to have a series of heart attacks due to a painful and traumatic breakup experience. Experts who conducted the study claimed that stress and anxiety brought by a painful and traumatic end of a relationship can significantly increase a person’s risk in having or developing heart diseases.

Results of the study showed that an individual’s heart condition is not just determined by means of physical condition. It can also be influenced by the emotional stability or condition of a person. Therefore, an individual who has a happy and fulfilling relationship is less likely to develop coronary heart disease compared to the ones who are unlucky in love.

To spare your already bruised heart from added pain and trauma, the following are some ways on how to avoid developing heart diseases due to emotional heart issues:

1. Talk to someone about your feelings.

When a relationship ends, the women are usually the most emotional ones. They tend to relay the whole breakup episode to their girlfriends or relatives. The men, however, are less vocal about their emotions. With this, doctors often recommend male patients to find someone whom they can share their feelings with. Support from people who can understand what you’re going through can surely ease your emotions and heart pains.

2. Slowly acknowledge the fact that the relationship is over.

It is normal to feel hurt and betrayed once a relationship ends. However, the world will not stop and grieve at your lose. Move on. Accept the fact that the relationship is over and get on living your life. Although the process of moving on is hard, acceptance helps in keeping the mind and emotions calm after a hard and painful experience.


3. Go see a doctor when the pain progresses from emotional to physical instability.

Based on the recent study mentioned above, a person who is extremely heartbroken can die because of heart attack. So, if you feel that the emotional pain and stress are too much for you to bear any longer that it comes to the point when your health also suffers, go see your doctor to confirm your condition.

Although having an emotional breakdown is not just the only factor for developing heart diseases, it is better to let your doctor know and check your condition once heartaches turn to “literal heart pains”.

source:searchwarp.com

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Causes and Treatments for Leg Cramps

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A former client emailed me with this question about her chronic leg cramps.

"...I noticed with the increased exercise that I'm getting a lot of lower leg cramps. The cramping is usually in response to any prolonged brisk walking or running. My personal trainer suggested that I might be lacking magnesium, so I've been taking magnesium, but I haven't seen any improvement. Suggestions?"

There are many possibilities. While nutritional deficiencies are likely, I look first to body mechanics. Often a long-standing or undiagnosed misalignment in the hips/pelvis will cause lower leg cramps. Even a misalignment in your shoulders and upper back can lead to lower leg cramps. A good chiropractic or osteopathic adjustment can work wonders for that.

A common cause for these kinds of cramps is improper body mechanics during exercise. Your gait may be off. You may not have the proper kind of walking shoe for your body. Your posture may not be in good alignment and walking may exaggerate that. You can check body mechanics with your personal trainer, chiropractor, osteopath, Alexander technique practitioner or cranial sacral/ zero balance therapist.

Muscle cramping related to exercise might be a result of imbalance in the body's electrolyte balance - minerals such as potassium, calcium and magnesium. Taking a good green drink helps with this. Plus, a good multi-mineral supplement can work well. I favor a coral calcium mixture that contains magnesium and potassium plus trace minerals. A vitamin E deficiency can also cause muscle cramps.

Related to electrolyte imbalance is making sure that you stay well hydrated during exercise as well as throughout the day. Dehydration is one common cause of muscle cramps. Unless you are an endurance athlete, plain cool water is the preferred fluid replacement during exercise. Drink enough water before, during and after exercise but be careful not to over-hydrate during exercise.

Although basic exercise hydration guidelines can be followed, it is too easy to over-hydrate (hyponatremia - a problem resulting in disturbances in the fluid electrolyte balance which may result in serious neurological responses) and recommend a formula for determining sweat rate and the appropriate amount of fluid consumption during exercise.

Drinking too much or too little during exercise can cause problems and you should be aware of your own fluid needs during exercise. The actual amount of water consumed during exercise should be based on an individual's sweat rate. To determine sweat rate weigh yourself before and one hour after exercise. Subtract the post-workout weight from the pre-workout weight. Then add in the amount of fluid consumed during the workout. This equals the hourly sweat rate.

A loss of 1 pound of body weight is equivalent to 16 ounces of fluid. If you lost one pound during a workout and drank 16 ounces during the workout then your hourly sweat rate is 32 ounces. That means you should drink 8 ounces every 15 minutes. A weight gain from pre to post workout means that you have over-hydrated either before or during the workout.

In addition to maintaining proper hydration during exercise, it is important to avoid over-hydration before exercising. To maintain good hydration throughout the day, drink 1/2 ounce of water per pound of body weight during the day.

Muscle cramps are also related to acid/alkaline balance. An acidic body is likely to feel achy and crampy after physical exertion. To find out if you are acidic, get some pH paper and test your morning urine.

Exercise results in lactic acid and if you are already acidic an increase in lactic acid can trigger muscle cramps and achiness. It helps to shower after you exercise. When you sweat you are eliminating acids from your body and if you don't shower these acids can be reabsorbed.

Unaccustomed physical exertion by itself can be a cause of muscle cramping. Be sure that you are allowing the muscle to have sufficient rest and recovery time between exercise sessions. Plus, there are a number of conditions and illnesses related to muscle cramping including: restless leg syndrome; hormone imbalance; fibromyalgia; allergies; hypothyroidism; varicose veins; anemia and arthritis. Check with a medical doctor for diagnosis of these conditions.

Mary Ann Copson is the founder of the Evenstar Mood & Energy Wellness Center for Women. With Master's Degrees in Human Development and Psychology and Counseling, Mary Ann is a Certified Licensed Nutritionist; Certified Holistic Health Practitioner; Brain Chemistry Profile Clinician; and a Health, Wellness and Lifestyle Coach. Reconnect to your physical, emotional, mental, psychological and spiritual natural rhythms at http://evenstaronline.com

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5 Top Tips for Getting Pregnant - How to get pregnant naturally!

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The struggle to conceive seems to get harder each year for hundreds of women. Why is it that today so many women have trouble falling pregnant?

With stress, unhealthy diets, lifestyle factors and choosing to have children later in life, many of us wonder if it is every going to happen for us.

If you want to try some natural methods to increase your odds of conceiving before you visit the doctor, below are some of the most common natural methods of helping to boost your fertility that have worked successfully for hundreds of women.

1. Vitamin B6
Called the natural fertility booster, Vitamin B6 can help regulate your cycle and improve mucus quality. B6 works best when taken in conjunction with the other B group vitamins and just 60mg is usually enough to make positive changes to your menstrual cycle.

2. Vitex
Often called the natural clomid, Vitex agnus-castus is usually the first choice with women trying to fall pregnant. Vitex is great for balancing your hormones and helping to correct a luteal phase defect. A luteal phase defect is when the time between when you ovulate and menstruation is shorter than ten days. Usually caused by decreased progesterone levels, Vitex can stimulate your body to product more naturally.

3. Water
Yes drinking lots of water will improve your cervical mucus. Drinking 6-8 glasses of water a day will make you ‘wetter’ during your fertile time and help the sperm move quickly through your uterus to reach the egg super fast.

4. Robotussin
The cough mixture that is used to loosen the mucus in your throat when you have a cough, also works by thinning out your cervical mucus making it easier for sperm to travel to the egg.

5. Yoga
Not only is yoga great for relieving stress (which helps regulate ovulation), it also helps stimulate blood circulation all around the body to the organs (including your reproductive organs!). Pre natal yoga is especially beneficial since its movements concentrate on the pelvic region improving blood flow to this area. So grab a video or dvd and starting stretching.

For even more great tips to help you fall pregnant sign up for the free newsletter full of strategies and tips to increase your odds of getting pregnant

By Tracey Lyne

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Jock Itch Treatment - Information About Jock Itch

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Alien

Jock itch
is a fungal infection of the skin on the groin, upper inner thighs, or buttocks. It most commonly occurs in hot, humid conditions. Doctors often refer to jock itch as tinea cruris. Jock itch (tinea cruris) is a pretty common fungal infection of the groin and upper thighs. Jock itch is also sometimes called crack fungus, crotch itch, bag rot or crotch rot, dhobi itch (after Indian washermen). It is a common fungal infection that affects the skin of your inner thighs, buttocks and genitals. Men and women encounter the disease worldwide, although it is seen more often in the humid tropics. The rash may affect only your groin, but it may spread to include your inner thighs, genitals, and areas around your anus, rectum, or Lesions caused by jock itch can extend from the crease between the inner thigh and pelvis, over the adjacent upper inner thigh, and into the anal area. Jock itch occurs almost exclusively in adult men.

Although often uncomfortable and bothersome, jock itch usually isn't serious, except possibly for people with weak immune systems. Keeping your groin area clean and dry and applying topical antifungal medications are usually sufficient to treat the problem.

Causes of Jock itch

The common causes and risk factor's of Jock itch include the following:

Jock itch is caused by fungi called dermatophytes. These microscopic organisms are normal inhabitants of your skin, and stay in check as long as your skin is clean and dry.

People taking broad-spectrum antibiotics, with weakened immune systems, or who have diabetes are more at risk to develop the rash.

The moisture, warmth, and presence of friction between skin folds make the groin area particularly open to fungal infection

What Are the Signs and Symptoms?

Jock itch is usually less severe than other tinea infections, but can it last for weeks or months without treatment. Symptoms of jock itch include:

* a circular, red, raised rash with elevated edges
* itching, chafing, or burning in the groin, thigh, or anal area
* skin redness in the groin, thigh, or anal area
* flaking, peeling, or cracking skin

How is jock itch diagnosed?

Jock itch is annoying, but it usually is not serious. If you have had jock itch in the past, you may recognize the symptoms. Your doctor can tell if you have jock itch after asking questions about your symptoms and past health and looking at your rash. Your doctor may scrape a little of the rash onto a glass slide so that he or she can look at it under a microscope.

Treatment of Jock itch

Here is list of the methods for treating Jock itch:

Jock itch is treated with one of two types of antifungal medications — azoles or allylamines.

For a mild case of jock itch, your doctor may suggest first using an over-the-counter antifungal ointment, lotion, powder or spray.

Creams

Antifungal creams for jock itch include:

* Miconazole
* Clotrimazole
* Econazole

Jock Itch Prevention

To prevent jock itch from occurring or re-occurring, several measures may be taken.

# Avoid sharing clothing and towels or washcloths.
# Allow the groin to dry completely after showering before covering with clothes.
# Do not wear wet swimsuits for a long period of time.
# Do not store damp clothing in your locker or gym bag.

About the Author:

Read out for Doctor. Check out high blood pressure and stress

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Lichen Nitidus Treatment - Information on Lichen Nitidus

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BY:Alien

Lichen nitidus is a rare benign chronic papular lesion of unknown etiology. It was originally regarded as a variant of lichen planus but it is now considered a distinct entity.

Lichen nitidus is a relatively rare, chronic skin eruption. Lichen nitidus may affect anyone, but typically develops in children and young adults. Lichen nitidus is a benign disease with no associated mortality or complications. The cause of lichen nitidus is unknown. It consists of tiny, skin-colored bumps (papules) that often appear in clusters on the surface of your skin, especially on the arms and legs. Even without treatment, lichen nitidus usually disappears over time. The length of time needed for remission is variable and will depend on the patient and the amount of skin surface involved. If treatment is desired some of the therapies include topical and/or systemic corticosteroids, ultraviolet light therapy, topical or oral retinoids and others but again generally no treatment is needed.

Pathology

The histology of lichen nitidus is significant for a "...localized granulomatous lymphohistiocytic infiltrate in an expanded dermal papilla with thinning of overlying epidermis and downward extension of the rete ridges at the lateral margin of the infiltrate, producing a typical 'claw clutching a ball' picture

Symptoms of Lichen nitidus

Some sign and symptoms related to Lichen nitidus are as follows:

Fingernails or toenails.
Palms of your hands and soles of your feet.
Ridges in the nails ( nail abnormalities ).

Dry mouth

Other sites where lichen nitidus occurs less frequently include:

* Palms of your hands and soles of your feet
* Fingernails or toenails
* Mucous membranes (mouth, nose, vagina and anus)

Other than its appearance on your skin, lichen nitidus usually doesn't cause any symptoms. Occasionally, the papules may itch.

Treatment of Lichen nitidus

Here is list of the methods for treating Lichen Nitidus:

#Steroids: Corticosteroids applied on your skin (topical) may reduce inflammation.
#Topical corticosteroids (such as triamcinolone acetonide cream) or oral corticosteroids (such as prednisone) may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and suppress immune responses.
#Antihistamines, sedatives, or tranquilizers may be needed to reduce itching and to reduce stress.

Prevention

You can't prevent lichen nitidus.

About the Author:

Read out for Doctor. Check out high blood pressure and stress

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Freckles: cute, but dangerous

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Freckles, once considered a sweet addition to a child’s face, are now considered by sun-savvy Australians as the result of too much sun.

While many parents enforce the slip, slop, slap regime on their children, many of the parents themselves were not so lucky, and as a result of many summers in the Australian sun, commonly have severe skin pigmentation as a result.

Skin Pigmentation
According to the Cancer Council, more Australians still die from skin cancer each year than any other country. A lot of it has to do with the nature of skin itself.

The skin protects the body from outside dangers, including the sun and its powerful UV rays. It is made up of Squamous cells, which are the outer-most cells, constantly being rubbed off and replaced, Basal cells, which help to produce more Squamous cells, and Melanocytes. This third and deepest layer produces dark pigments which help to protect the skin.

Unfortunately for many Australians, their skin doesn’t produce enough melanin to protect their skin. Over time, some melanocytes may over produce melanin, resulting in irregular skin pigmentation. This can include freckles and moles, some of which can also lead to skin cancer.

Treating skin pigmentation
Laser therapy for skin pigmentation is not only used for aesthetic reasons. It has become an effective and popular way also to remove skin cancers. Using a beam of light, it destroys the cancer cells within the skin. A biopsy before the therapy is important to determine if the cancer has been contained only within the skin, and has not spread to other parts of the body.

Other skin pigmentation, such as birthmarks, can also be treated by laser therapy. For red birthmarks, commonly known as ‘port wine’ birthmarks, lasers can be especially effective, and can be used at any age. A few treatments will probably be need, though.

Laser resurfacing is particularly good for freckles. Usually performed by a dermatologist, the area is numbed first and then treated. Results vary depending on how many freckles are on the face and how dark they are. The skin will commonly take 1-2 weeks to heal, so treatments are usually spread to allow for this healing time.

Different people have varying pain thresholds, so laser resurfacing is more painful for some people than others. Some equate it to a runner band flicking on the skin. Some more information on laser resurfacing can be found at the Australian School of Dermatologists (http://www.dermcoll.asn.au/public/a-z_of_skin-chemical_peels_etc.asp).

Costs vary according to the different practitioners, but keep in mind that usually two or more treatments are required.

Of course, there are other ways to get rid of freckles in particular. Regularly applying lemon juice is one effective way of naturally bleaching the skin. Also, a simple mask of cucumber, lemon juice, apricots or strawberries can work over time.

A nice addition to a daily face care routine is an equal parts mixture of parley, lemon, orange and red currant juices. Use it before applying your daily face cream.

Prevention is always better than a cure, so to make sure no new freckles appear, always wear a hat and sun screen with a minimum SPF of 15+.

About the author:
Lucy rollins works with The Victorian Cosmetic Institute. For more information on skin pigmentation treatments, and other cosmetic treatments like permanent hair removal and procedures to treat issues like gynecomastia. For more information simply click on the links.

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Don’t Blame Your Genes For Your Hair Related Problems

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By:Sashi


Jessica has been very possessive of her hair ever since childhood. This is a habit that she imbibed from her mother. Regular upkeep with proper care has helped her to maintain thick and healthy hair. She takes care of her hair to ensure that her hair remain free from dandruff and flakes. We too want to have a healthy growth of hair but slacken a bit when it comes to hair care. Here are some hair tips that can keep your hair healthy and prevent problems like hair loss.

A good oil massage is the most important thing for the hair. It improves the blood circulation to the scalp and tends to keep the hair cells vitalized. This makes the root of the hair stronger thus preventing hair loss. Also, hair cells continue to renew themselves giving rise to hair follicles and the building blocks of proteins called the keratins. This makes the hair grow thicker and prevent thinning of hairs. It also prevents baldness to a large extent. Rosemary, jojoba and coconut oil are best suited for everyday use for the hair.

Washing your hair on a regular basis is equally important. Your hair bears the brunt of all type of dust, dirt and pollution while you are out in the open. They stick to the scalp and may cause damage to your hair. Greater care is to be taken to select a quality shampoo that is mild and effective for your hair. Try herbal shampoos as they have negligible amount of chemicals and almost no side effects. Wrap your hair with a warm towel after washing them. Remember to use a quality conditioner after shampooing your hair to make them smooth and shiny.

Remember to cover your hair when you move in the open. Your hair is very vulnerable to ultra violet rays. Excessive exposure to sun rays may make your hair brittle. Also, it affects the hair follicles resulting in hair loss. Avoid using hair color on a regular basis. If you want to hide your grey hair, either opt for a herbal powder that causes no side effects or quality natural based hair colors that are known to be trustworthy and effective. You may seek advice of a hair doctor before going for hair coloring. Avoid using peroxide on a regular basis as it may result in tremendous damage to the hair, at times even leading to baldness.

Go for a hair style that suits your face rather than getting fascinated by the one that is in vogue. Refrain from changing your hair style too often as frequent twist and turns tend to make the hair roots weak leading to hair loss. Natural curls are good but artificial curls may damage your hairs to such an extent that they start losing their shine and texture.

Before going for any type of birth control pills or a prolonged dose of antibiotics it is strongly recommended that you consult a doctor about its side effects and ensure that it does not harm your hair.

These are some basic tips that will help you to retain your hair in a healthy state and save them from all kinds of hair related problems. These tips not only keep the hair in a good state but also rejuvenate the hair cells so that the new hair continues to grow regularly.

The author gives advice for all kinds of hair loss treatment. He deals with all kinds of hair problems. Even severe problems like hirsutism are cured by him.

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What causes short term memory and long term memory loss?

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By:Golfer57

If you have been hard at work online for a while, you have come to understand that google is yearning for unique content. The more fresh the better. That is where the indisputable hunger for PLR content has come from and has grown into an enormous business. This is where PLR articles came in to save the day for the demanding webmaster. But there are troubles with these articles and I will get into those in just a short time.

What not to do

Creating a website that is keyword spammed is not going to get you anywhere, a website founded from just grabbing articles from article directories is also coming to an end, you won't find much achievement developing a web page when you have not altered the PLR article either. So you say to yourself, why the heck am I using PLR articles? The answer is simple, they are convenient, cost effective compared to enlisting a ghostwriter, in most cases well written and with a bit labor, you can craft a amazing article and website.

What you don't uncover

It's absolutely no secret that search engines desire new, unique content. And on the surface, it seems to be a simple situation. If you yearn top rankings and tons of traffic, then continually add fresh, unique content. Of course, like anything else in life, the "how-to" is where topics get tricky. On the surface, joining a Private Label Rights membership site seems to be a ideal solution for most publicists. You get heaps of articles for a relatively cheap value and you don't have to deal with the hassles of coping with ghostwriters. Looks like a bargain right? At first look, it is. Until you notice, the actual truth.

There are many PLR websites out there that state that they are the best and in this article I am not about to mention names. Well they all can't be the finest. The actual drawback is not the content that is created, for the most part it is good. The problem is knowing what to do with the content. That is where PLRproHelp comes to the rescue...

All of these sites give something of value, but what they don't offer is a way on how to use what they create. They all say they do, but believe me, they don't. They provide bits and pieces of training, but never a way to take what they have and start from nil to generating money. They just get you involved and then leave you hanging. They regularly skip the significant steps. Well not anymore.

The Solution to the PLR article problem

PLRproHelp will take you by the hand, from beginning to finish. This site is for the beginner to the advanced internet marketer who uses a lot of varied programs,websites and as expected PLR articles. PLRproHelp will inform you key click by key click in video, so that you don't leave out a thing. What you are about to get from this site is everything you will need to make money. We will show you how to use everything that all of these sites provide and never tell you how to use. Not only are you about to see how to use all of this material that all these websites offer, but you are going to get much, much more. I am not going to list all the benefits of the site, but here are some.

You are about to get, low hanging fruit keyword phrases (scores of searches with no competition keyword phrases), niche in a niche keyword phrases with the LSI (theme) keywords to go together with one another, out of this world titles for your articles that you get without charge and so much more.

Visit PLRproHelp to get more information and grab yourself some FREE goodies wWhat is memory loss and what causes memory loss? Memory loss or amnesia is an uncommon forgetfulness that can happen due to brain damage. Illness, injury or extreme mental distress can be the causes of this brain damage. Memory loss can be grouped using many criteria. Loss of memory can be classified into permanent and temporary memory loss on the basis of the time span of the memory loss. Memory loss is also sorted into short-term memory loss or long-term memory loss depending on the nature of the memory that gets affected. Memory loss can occur almost suddenly and can also take shape over a long period of time. What causes memory loss? All of them are caused due to specific reasons.

Long-term memory (LTM) is memory that is stored as meaning. It may remain for ages. It may also be very short lived, say, for only 30 seconds. Long-term memory (LTM) is functionally and structurally different from working memory or short-term memory. Working memory or short-term memory apparently retains information for only 30 seconds or so. Biologically, short-term memory is a short-lived potentiation of neural connections. By meaningfully correlating them and through rehearsals, short-term memory can become long-term memory. It is thought that by the long lasting enhancement of the neural connections short-term memories are stored as LTM. The structure of neurons undergoes a physical change due to this. But the time required at each step of this memory processing is still being studied.

Tarnow's theory says that long-term memories are retained in dream format. This is similar to the discoveries of Penfield & Rasmussen which says that electrical excitations of cortex result in experiences resembling dreams.
It is important to find out what short-term memory is. Scientists are investigating the brain and its functioning. We are getting to know how the brain processes and stores memory. We are also learning about ways to enhance these processes.

So what is short-term memory? The memory function in the brain which acutely stores and processes events, images, data is known as short-term memory. It is a kind of place for storage in our brain so that it can be decided whether these memories are to be used promptly and/or reserve them to long -term storage. Short-term memory functions as a filter as well as a workplace for the things we are processing. It is much easier to access and utilize information from short-term memory than long-term memory.

What causes short-term memory and long term memory loss?

• Ageing
• Alzheimer's disease
• Neurodegenerative illness
• Head trauma or injury
• panic often along with by confusion
• Seizures
• common anesthetics like halothane, isoflurane, and fentanyl
• Alcoholism
• Stroke or momentary ischemic attack (TIA)
• transitory universal amnesia
• Drugs like barbiturates or benzodiazepines
• Electroconvulsive therapy (particularly on a long-term basis)
• sequential lobe brain surgery
• Brain masses (occurs due to lump or infectivity)
• Herpes encephalitis
• additional brain illness
• dejection

In these cases support from family members should be made available. The patient must be familiarized with reality by providing familiar music, objects, or photos. Some cases might need assistance for relearning.
Medication schedules should be written down so that there is no burden on memorizing.

Extensive amenities for care and treatment like nursing homes are a worthwhile consideration. They are more needed for patients whose basic needs cannot be dealt in any other way and whose safety and nutrition are at a risk.

What causes short-term memory loss after naps?

The rates of sensing of all the sensors are brought down while sleeping. The stimulation margins are increased at this time. This allows the process of transferring information to continue without any disturbance. Only if some danger occurs or a threat signal is received this process might be interrupted. Thus information from the sensors/surroundings is not received at this time. This allows the working memory to perform the transfer of data. It is similar to a sort of housekeeping. The working memory redeems information from the temporary memory. Then it compares this redeemed information with similar files stored earlier in the long-term memory. If any undesirable, duplicate or overlapping data is found it is deleted. The data that is considered to be relevant, new or updated is encoded and put into long-term memory. The temporary memory stays in a state of only retrieving information at this time. Hence any brain activities like dreams are not imprinted on to the temporary memory. The short-term/working memory store is the only memory store that can record brain activities consciously in this time period.

Visit http://www.memoryenhancementtechniques.com for more great tips on how to improve your memory.

Learn some great techniques and how to memorize things better by visiting the site and get a Free download on how to improve your memory skills.

Author

Owner of the website http://www.PuttLightsOut.com. Wrote a fantastic book on golf putting instruction. A system that is proven to reduce your score the next time you play guaranteed or your money back! [url=http://www.puttlightsout.com]Golf Putting Instruction[/url] Also owner of http://www.shop-silicone-bakeware.com . Lowest prices on the largest selection of silicone bakeware.

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Understanding and Living with Fibromyalgia

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Do you hurt all over? Are you extremely fatigued? These are some of the signs of Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). The diagnosis is based on the finding of tender points in specific locations, by the physician.

Fibromyalgia is not well understood by the medical community. It is known, though, that certain people are more at risk of developing fibromyalgia than others. The symptoms of fibromyalgia can include everything from widespread pain to fatigue; menstrual pain to sleep disturbances. Because of the variety of fibromyalgia symptoms, there are a number of associated conditions linked to fibromyalgia.

Since most of FMS symptoms may occur in other conditions, Dr. Carla Ockley, says: “FMS is not always the first thing looked for when a patient walks through the door with pain in his joints.”

Since there is no cure, treatment is aimed at the two major symptoms, which are pain and a lack of sleep. Well, then, can help be found if you think you have FMS? In her book When Muscle Pain Won’t Go Away, Gayle Backstrom suggests contacting the Arthritis Foundation or a rheumatologist.

Sometimes conventional medicine is just not enough to provide you with the relief from fibromyalgia that you need. Fibromyalgia treatment often includes various types of alternative therapy many of which have been proven to be very effective.

About the author:
My name is David Slade. I am an English teacher with quite a bit of experience in translation work. I am author of Mandarin English XL an advanced Chinese English course with pinyin. I enjoy hiking, camping, and doing volunteer work. To visit my website go to http://www.luomapinyin.com

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Manic Depression Symptoms: The Two Ends Of The Spectrum

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ฺBy:Flor Serquina

Manic depression is a mental disorder that is also called manic depressive disorder. To some, it is known as bipolar disorder. Manic depression symptoms are known to be on the extreme sides of the spectrum. They are either on the high end or the low end. The high-end symptoms are known to be the manic symptoms while the low end is known as the "hypo" symptoms or the depressive symptoms.

This type of mental disorder is hard to spot because the patient may appear to be going well after an episode of depression. Unknown to people around him, he becomes sunny all of the sudden not because he has overcome depression; it is just that he shifted to mania, the other symptom of his illness.

The following are manic depression symptoms observed in patients who suffer from the manic or high end of the mental disease:

o Extreme kindness and euphoric mood.
o Being provocative.
o Inability to concentrate, always and easily distracted.
o Talking very fast due to the racing thoughts that flood the mind.
o Extreme energy level, hyper activity and restlessness.
o Excessive and uncharacteristic spending.
o Incoherence and mixed ideas.
o Increase in sexual drive.
o Intrusive behavior.
o Overly aggressive behavior.
o Very poor judgment
o Believing in his own super powers and unrealistic abilities.
o Extremely irritable.
o Sleeps too little but still have too much energy.
o Abusive use of substances such as cocaine, alcohol, and sleeping medications.
o Falling into a denial stage and not believing that anything is wrong with him.

The following manic depression symptoms are observed from patients on the low or depressed mode of the disorder.

o Sadness that stays for a considerable length of time accompanied by anxiousness and feeling of emptiness.
o A constant feeling of fatigue and a very low energy level.
o Feeling hopeless and always pessimistic.
o Loss of sexual drive.
o Inability to feel pleasure from anything.
o Inability to concentrate.
o A gnawing sense of guilt and feeling worthless.
o Forgetfulness.
o Restlessness.
o Extreme irritability.
o Inability to make rational decisions.
o Insomnia or oversleeping.
o A drastic loss or gain of appetite that leads to either weight loss or gain.
o Constant body pains that can not be confirmed by medical examinations.
o Suicidal tendencies.

Psychosis is another phenomenon that can be observed as a manic depression symptom. It occurs in both manic and depressive modes of the disorder. It is characterized by hallucination and delusion that is sometimes mistaken for schizophrenia (another form of mental disorder that also manifests hallucination and delusion).

It is important that proper diagnosis be done to tell whether it is manic depression symptom or schizophrenia because the two types of mental disorder need different types of psychological and medical attention.

There are people who exhibit mixed manic depressive symptoms. They manifest both the high and the low end symptoms of the disorder at the same time.

When To Seek Help

As mentioned, it is not easy to determine if a person has manic depressive disorder. If you suspect that you or a loved one is suffering from this mental illness, it would be best if you go and see a psychiatrist to fully assess your condition immediately since the person with this illness has a very erratic and unstable behavior. It can go from shoplifting to promiscuous sexual behavior to suicide. What's more, these behaviors may be manifest within a short period of time.

Proper diagnosis of the manic depressive symptoms is necessary in order to provide the proper treatment needed by the patient. The symptoms are confusing. The assistance of professional people is important in order to recover properly. Administration of medication is almost always necessary to stabilize the patient. Medications would help a patient respond well to other forms of psychiatric treatments such as psychotherapy and cognitive therapy.

About the Author:
Visit Facts-About-Depression.com to learn more about manic depression symptoms and different types of depression.

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Full Detailed Information on Aerophagia

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By: Brain

Aerophagia is defined as a condition when a person swallows too much air. This air is usually goes to the stomach. People with Aerophagia are believed to have excessive belches due to air swallowing. You probably also heard terms like constant or chronic belching or burping. These conditions are closely related to aerophagia but not necessarily caused by it.

Aerophagia causes

- You're too anxious or nervous. Yeah - it sounds quite usual. But this is the most common reason why it happens. If you burp all the time - try to conciously control yourself for 20 minutes and make sure that you're not swallowing air. If this was the main reason for your burping then in several minutes you should get rid of it completely. Though note that some people swallow air unconciously even without thinking about it - so it may be quite hard to stop doing it.

Aerophagia Symptoms

Aerophagia (air swallowing, excessive or constant burping) is defined as a condition when a person swallows too much air. This air is usually goes to the stomach. People with Aerophagia are believed to have excessive belches due to air swallowing. You probably also heard terms like constant or excessive belching or burping. These conditions are closely related to aerophagia but not necessarily caused by it.

Since excessive burping (or some called it chronic belching) happened to me a lot of times I always was curious why the heck it happens.

Aerophagia Treatment

Treatment of aerophagia is quite tricky and lots of different methods were attempted before. Here is a short list of them: differential reinforcement of alternative behavior, differential reinforcement of other behavior, reprimands, response cost, time-out, positive-practice overcorrection, squirts of food extract or lemon juice into the mouth, visual screening, auditory cuing, and gentle nose presses. You can search internet for them to get an idea on how they work.

I think the most effective method is self control. Just try to control your air swallowing for 10 minutes. Every time you're trying to swallow do something. In one paper it was recommended to guide your hand over your mouth to following each attempt to engage in air swallowing. Though you can invent something more effective.

Changing what you eat can help. Try to build a list of foods which make your burping worse and avoid food from this list as much as possible. Use acidity list and Food Database for help.

Acid Reflux Diet

* Avoid high-fat meals such as those from the fast food chains. High fat foods will remain in the stomach longer, thus causing the need for more stomach acid in order to digest them.
* But remember, don't overeat! Eating too much of any foods will stimulate the stomach to secret more acids

Read out for Anxiety. Check out blood pressure and stress

Article Source: http://www.eArticlesOnline.com

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Full Detailed Information on Peyronie's Disease

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By: Brain

Peyronie's disease is a connective tissue disorder involving the growth of fibrous plaques in the soft tissue of the penis affecting as many as 1-4% of men. Specifically the fibrosing process occurs in the tunica albuginea, a fibrous envelope surrounding the penile corpora cavernosa.

In past ages, when people frowned upon the very thought of diseases that affect the genital organs and when there was little understanding of illnesses and their causes, it’s quite easy to guess why nobody wanted to bring up this topic. The natural fear of impotence or sexually transmitted diseases was bad enough in those times.

What causes Peyronie's disease?

Scar tissue under the skin of the penis causes the curve. No one knows why the scar tissue starts. Some men with Peyronie's disease have had a penis injury that causes scar tissue. The scar tissue feels like a ridge or a row of tiny bumps. The scar tissue can keep getting worse during the first few years, making the penis curve more and more. You might notice this more during an erection. After a few years, the scar tissue usually stops getting worse, but it doesn't go away.

Signs and symptoms

The signs and symptoms of Peyronie's disease may appear overnight or develop more slowly. These may include:

* Painful erection
* A thick band of hard tissue on one or more sides
* Impaired ability to obtain an erection

Treatment

Because the course of Peyronie's disease is different in each patient and because some patients experience improvement without treatment, medical experts suggest waiting 1 to 2 years or longer before attempting to correct it surgically. During that wait, patients often are willing to undergo treatments whose effectiveness has not been proven.

Some researchers have given vitamin E orally to men with Peyronie's disease in small-scale studies and have reported improvements. Yet, no controlled studies have established the effectiveness of vitamin E therapy. Similar inconclusive success has been attributed to oral application of para-aminobenzoate, a substance belonging to the family of B-complex molecules.

Surgery is usually performed after several years when the disease is stabilised and the deformity prevents intercourse. Because the plaque of Peyronie's disease often shrinks or disappears without treatment, medical experts suggest waiting one to two years or longer before attempting to correct it surgically.

Read out for Anxiety. Check out blood pressure and stress

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Cancer Information and Support Can Hasten Healing and Save Lives

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It's the word that no one ever wants to hear: cancer. Although our parents or grandparents might have heard that word and considered it an automatic death sentence, today's focus on prevention, early detection, and treatment means that people who are diagnosed with cancer often have a very good chance of beating the disease.

The Latest Statistics

According to the National Cancer Institute (NCI), death rates from cancer have been decreasing since the early 1990s. In a recently published report on cancer from the years 1975 through 2004 (the latest year for which statistics are available), the NCI noted that, "Death rates decreased on average 2.1 percent per year from 2002 through 2004, nearly twice the annual decrease of 1.1 percent per year from 1993 through 2002."

The NCI emphasized that, "Death rates are the best indicator of progress against cancer." This is because the diagnosis rates of cancer can often be viewed in a positive light. For example, an increase in the diagnosis of prostate cancer (a typically non-fatal cancer) may be the result of a greater number of men obtaining PSA tests. Similarly, an increase in mammography may lead to an increase in the diagnosis of breast cancer, but early detection almost always leads to better outcomes. In other words, more women may be diagnosed with early stage breast cancer, but fewer will die from the disease.

According to the NCI report, mortality rates "decreased for 12 of the 15 most common causes of cancer death in men (i.e., cancers of the lung, prostate, colon and rectum, bladder, kidney, stomach, brain, and oral cavity as well as leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and myeloma)." Among women, mortality rates "decreased for 10 of the 15 most common cancers (i.e., breast, colon and rectum, stomach, kidney, cervix, brain and bladder cancers as well as non-Hodgkin lymphoma, leukemia, and myeloma)." Unfortunately, while deaths from blood and cervical cancers decreased, those from liver cancer and lung cancer increased for women.

When the Unthinkable Happens

If you or a loved one are diagnosed with cancer - whether bone cancer, skin cancer, ovarian cancer, or some other form - it's natural to jump to conclusions. That is why it is imperative to gather all of the information possible on the form of cancer and its treatments. Thankfully, the Internet can provide a wealth of information on cancer and cancer treatments. Becoming education about the disease your fighting may well be your best weapon in beating the disease. Information gives you the power to ask the right questions of health care providers, better understand your options, and pave the way to making an informed decision about cancer treatment.

Everyone Needs Support

The Internet is also a critical tool for finding the support you need while battling cancer. If you've received the diagnosis, it's extraordinarily helpful to connect with a network of people who share your experience. If a loved one has received the diagnosis, you need to get a grasp of what lies on the road ahead, and get the support you need in order to support the one you love.

Remember, cancer isn't necessarily a death sentence, and information and support are two of the most potent weapons you can have in your arsenal to battle the disease.

Chris Robertson is an author of Majon International, one of the worlds MOST popular internet marketing companies. For tips/information, click here: cancer
Visit Majon's Health and Beauty directory.

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Colds and Flu

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By: Mitamins Team

Someone might be described as developing the symptoms of a cold because they have 'Cold and Wind in the Lungs'. In the East, it is believed that it's not possible for someone whose energy is harmonious to become ill, and for this reason not everyone exposed to a cold virus will succumb to it. Preventative medication against colds and flu is therefore important, especially during the Fall.

During this season, it is ideal to enhance your immune system by boosting your intake of cold and flu prevention medication. Herbal formulas improve resistance to colds and flu symptoms, for when you come into contact with the cold or flu viruses that take off in Fall. Immune boosting cold and flu medication also helps to balance the body during periods of stress.

The common cold often causes symptoms such as a runny nose, sore throat, and an inability to get things done with one's normal spirit. Since it is a viral infection, antibiotics are not effective against the common cold, so it really is important to take a natural remedy approach to avoiding and controlling cold and flu symptoms. For example, excessive sugar, dietary fat, and alcohol have been reported to impair immune function.

If you do end up having a cold, and are unable to prevent cold or flu symptoms from developing, a warm, humid environment created by a humidifier may provide comfort during the the course of your common cold. Rest is recommended, especially for people with severe symptoms. Increased fluid intake is necessary in order to maintain water balance and to thin secretions.

Zinc, Vitamin C and Propolis all recommended preventative and treatment medications to create the strength in your body to overcome a cold or flu. Propolis is the resinous substance collected by bees from the leaf buds and bark of trees, especially poplar and conifer trees. Propolis extracts may be helpful in preventing and shortening the duration of the common cold.

Mitamins team bd@mitamins.net Find Authoritative Health Information on Vitamins & Nutritional Supplements; Get Custom Vitamins & Nutritional Supplements for all Your Health Needs. Vitamin health and Nutritional Supplements

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Testing Methods Which Can Help A Physician in Diagnosis Of HPV Warts

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HPV infection can be dorminant in your body for such a long time unnoticed because its signs and symptoms in most cases do

not manifest themselves.For many people who contact HPV infections, it becomes quite difficult to be diagonised owing to the

fact that sometimes the signs of HPV warts are so invisible to the naked eye and due to lack of any signs or symptoms of the

warts,one does not see the urgency of going for a check up.This is the reason why there are various methods to aid the

physician in diagnosis of whether or not a person has genital HPV warts.

Visual examination is the most common method of testing HPV genital warts.A medical proffessional will be able to determine

if a person has HPV genital warts through visual exam.One could not exactly be displaying the physical signs of HPV genital

warts,but they could probably display other more common genital HPV signs associated with it which will definately lead the

doctor go to the next step.This could include daubbing some acetic acid(vinegar solution)to the suspected area.If the skin

turns white,it shows that HPV warts are present and could not be seen with the naked eye.

Depening on other factors too,like the position of the HPV genital warts or size and severity of the same, the physician may

result to tests like cervical pap smear,colposcopy or swab tests.This HPV tests are not tedious,do not take time to perform

and the results come out almost immediately therefore one does not agonise on the outcome for a long time which means that

the doctor can offer counselling there and then.HPV warts are highly contagious and one should seek a medical exam as soon as

you display any signs and symptoms.

Bleeding during intercourse, a burning sensation or itching in the genital area, small red or pink flesh swellings which take

the shape of a cauliflower,could be some of the signs that will come along with the HPV infection.So sexual intercourse at

this stage should be avoided at all costs, be it vaginal,anal or oral sex.This will reduce the chances and break the chain of

it spreading to unsuspecting partners.

HPV warts are spread through coming into contact with the skin of an infected person.More so the spread can be caused by

clothes and materials like towels of an infected person.When laundering such garments,lots of care should be observed and

done separately.When a person has been diagonised with HPV warts, its of great importance to take there partners for a HPV

test too for maximum results.

Article Source: http://www.articlesnatch.com

About the Author:
Wangeci Kinyanjui has been researching and reporting on Health Matters f

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Ablene: Ablene can succesfully treats Crohns: Ablene Focus

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If you tend to suffer from some kind of digestive disorder, the natural supplement Ablene may be able to give you some relief. A healthy diet and nutritional supplementation are principle factors for controlling gastrointestinal and digestive tract health. Ablene supplies the body with key nutrients that are usually lacking from the digestive system of someone suffering from digestive problems. Ablene has been formulated to reduce the painful symptoms suffered by having a dodgy digestive system. Symtoms such as diarrhea, vomiting and fever.

Ablene effectively enhances the healing process naturally, and eliminates nutrient deficiencies. People who have a family history of digestive disorder have an increased risk of suffering from it also.

Crohn's digestive disorder Crohn's is an inflammatory bowel disease. Around the world the numbers of sufferers are soaring. It affects the large and small intestines, as well as other internal organs. Although it can be contained with traditional medicines, it can be somewhat more efficently treated by successfully addressing nutritional short comings. Crohn's is difficult to diagnose, and it is advisable that if you should exhibit any of the following suspected symtoms you should consult your doctor: Fever Vomiting and Nausea Diarrhea Fatigue Abdominal Pain Floating Stools Weight Loss Loss of hunger


Ablene contains the following vitamins that play a crucial role in stimulating the immune system to fight infection, and repairing tissue and nerve fuctions. Vitamin B3 Vitamin A Vitamin D3 Manganese Vitamin C Vitamin B1 Vitamin B6 Magnesium Vitamin E Iodine Folic Acid Biotin If you would like further information on this supplement read this full length review here: http://nature-review.com

Author

Denise Richards is a health professional very interested in natural health products. She is an author for http://nature-review.com. You can find more info about Ablene and other natural supplements on her website http://nature-review.com .

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Sjorgen Syndrome: Why Am I so Thirsty?

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By Chrissy & Company

With one out of every31 Americans suffering from some form of an autoimmune disease, many adults and children are struggling through life coping with symptoms which often lead to inhibited performance of daily living activities. One such autoimmune disease, Sjorgen Syndrome, can be difficult to diagnose and, often, sufferers are misdiagnosed. Understanding the origin, symptoms and treatment of the Sjorgen Syndrome will provide sufferers with a basic understanding of the condition which has significant life changing implications.

Sjorgen Syndrome is autoimmune disease in which the white blood cells attack the glands and tissues involved in thebody's natural ability to retain moisture. While the exact origin is not known, it is believed Sjorgen Syndrome is an inherited condition with the majority of Sjorgen Syndrome sufferers found to be womenand, inapproximately 50 percentof thecases, suffer from a comorbid condition of autoimmune origin.

Symptoms of Sjorgen Syndrome often present as excessively dry mouth and eyes with most sufferersunaware of the extent of thediagnosis leading to a daily frustrationin coping with a feeling of excessive dehydration. In addition to the overwhelming feeling of dehydration, Sjorgen Syndrome can affect major bodily functions leaving the sufferer tocommonly experience severefatigue and lethargy. For individuals suffering from Sjorgen Syndrome, remaining in this dehydrated state can lead to severe health complications including dental decay, gum disease and even eye disorders with loss of tear production and the inability to use corrective lenses.

While Sjorgen Syndrome affects many individuals without any comorbid factors, Sjorgen Sydrome isequally common among individuals who are comorbid for other autoimmune or connective tissue disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. Organs affected, even without comorbid conditions, in the Sjorgen Syndrome sufferer includedisorders of thepancreas, kidneys,gastrointestinaltract and the central nervous system.

For individuals caring for someone with Sjorgen Syndrome, the key factor is empathy to the overwhelming sensation of being totally and completely dehydrated with no relief available. When treating a patient wtih Sjorgen Syndrome, the healthcare professional must first determine which organs and tissues are affected by the disorder. Once this factor is known, the areas, organs and bodily functionsaffected are then treated directly.For example, with Sjorgen Syndrome induced eye disorders, the sufferer may be required to used eye drops on a regular basis and be required to maintain low humidity in the home to preventeye deterioration. For those with oral tissue implications, the excessive intake of fluids is important to promote dental health and prevent oral decay.

As with any irregular health pattern, individuals suffering from severe dehydration should consult a healthcare professional when the dehydration leads to other symptoms and does not improve with the intake of fluids. When diagnosed with Sjorgen Syndrome, obtaining early intervention and following treatment recommendations will ensure a better quality of life with this autoimmune disease.

source:www.associatedcontent.com/

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Down Syndrome & the Use of Neurofeedback

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By Chrissy & Company

Down syndrome is a health complication that is attributed to chromosomal genetic defect. For many children born with Down syndrome, the health complications run the spectrum from neurological to musculoskeletal to intellectual deficit.

While the physical complications of Down syndrome are usually quite evident, the intellectual complications are often not easily determined. For children with Down syndrome, there is also a risk for developing neuropsychological complications, including Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder, ADHD. As a result, the learning and teaching strategies are often quite varied and tailored to the specific needs of the DS child.

In some children with Down syndrome, especially those with co morbid ADHD, the use of neurofeedback has been shown to be quite effective at improving complications associated with intellectual and cognitive function. With the use of neurofeedback, children with Down syndrome often experience improvement in memory, attention, behavior and may even experience improvement in gait and balance.

If you are the parent of a child who suffers from Down syndrome, it is important to ask your pediatrician about the appropriate referral for testing into ADHD. Once confirmed with ADHD, your child may require additional rehabilitation and therapy using neurofeedback. For children with co-morbidity for Down syndrome and ADHD, neurofeedback has been shown to improve symptoms but often requires as many as 40 sessions before improvement is realized. With diligence, many Down syndrome children, after 40 or more neurofeedback sessions are capable of performing simple mathematical equations and can achieve some level of reading. They may also be able to write their names in a legible manner.

In addition to cognitive and intellectual function, DS children who participate in a series of neurofeedback sessions also find they are more agile, mobile and may even develop the ability to run and skip. In many cases, young children with DS even participate in Special Olympics or physical activity programs designed for children with disability.

Neurofeedback is becoming an important part of treatment for individuals with disabilities. In children with Down syndrome, neurofeedback provides the key opportunity to improve not only physical ability but, more importantly, improve cognitive and intellectual function. With, at least, 40 sessions, you may soon realize your Down syndrome child has improved significantly enough to participate in a greater spectrum of daily living activities, including becoming more involved in school and even occupational events. Ask your child's pediatrician about the use of neurofeedback to improve quality of life when Down syndrome is a health complication.

source:www.associatedcontent.com

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The Danger Signs of Pneumonia

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By: Gayle Sanchez

Pneumonia is the leading killer of children according to the World Health Organization. There is an assessment that children's caregivers know only, or does not know the "danger signs" of the said disease. This article gives out statistics of pneumonia cases among children. It also includes symptoms and preventions. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), pneumonia is the leading killer of children that causes more casualties than AIDS, malaria, and measles combined. Approximately two million pneumonia-related deaths occur each year, accounting for one out of every five child deaths. The annual incidence of pneumonia is estimated at 151 million new cases per year, of which 11–20 million cases accounting for about 7 to 13 percent of lung disease cases are severe enough to require hospitalization. Yet too little is being done to reduce lung disease-related deaths among children.

A study was found that only about one-fifth of caregivers know the "danger signs" of pneumonia, including its two tell-tale symptoms of fast breathing (17%) and difficult breathing (21%). A little more than half of children sick with pneumonia receive proper care. Antibiotics, the recommended treatment was only given to 1 in 5 children with pneumonia in the early 1990s.

It was found that only a small number within the population existed in the prevalence of pneumonia and in caregivers' knowledge of pneumonia's " danger signs." It is also a discouraging fact that there is an unequal care for children with pneumonia. Children from richer families and better educated mothers and those living in urban areas were more likely to receive appropriate medical treatment.

Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lung, usually caused by an infection. Three common causes are bacteria, viruses and fungi. Most cases of pneumonia among children occur sporadically and not in outbreaks. People most at risk are older than 65 or younger than 2 years of age, or already have health problems. Person-to-person transmission may occur by direct contact with infectious secretions.

Approximately 10 to 20% of all children less than 5 years old in developing countries acquire pneumonia each year. About 1% of pneumonia cases result in bronchiectasis, which increases the risk of recurrent infections. Sometimes, a child's only symptom is rapid breathing. When the pneumonia is in the lower part of the lungs near the abdomen, there may be no breathing problems at all. However, there may be fever and abdominal pain or vomiting.

When pneumonia is caused by bacteria, an infected child usually becomes sick relatively quick. The child may also experience a sudden onset of high fever and unusually rapid breathing. When pneumonia is caused by a certain virus, symptoms tend to appear more gradually and are often less severe than in pneumonia caused by bacteria.

Some types of pneumonia cause symptoms that give important clues about which germs are causing the illness. In older children and adolescents, for example, pneumonia due to Mycoplasma (also called walking pneumonia) is notorious for causing a sore throat and headache in addition to the usual symptoms of pneumonia.

In general, pneumonia is not contagious, but the upper respiratory viruses that lead to it are, so it is best to keep a child away from anyone who has an upper respiratory tract infection.

According to WHO, reducing child deaths from pneumonia requires implementing effective prevention programs. This include promoting breastfeeding, reducing child under-nutrition, encouraging hand washing and raising immunization rates. A pneumococcal vaccine may be available for routine use which would likely have a significant effect in reducing child deaths from pneumonia.

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Obesity is a Modern Day Epidemic That Can be Cured

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George Christodoulou

There have been many epidemics in history, and some have been really catastrophic, causing fatalities running in to tens of millions. And these in times when the World’s population was considerably less than what it is today.

Yet in the advanced age in which we like, with advances of medical technology moving forward in great leaps and bound, the sad fact is that the world is facing one of its greatest challenges and an epidemic which, if it remains untreated, is estimated to seriously effect the health of around fifty million people by the middle of the century, and that in the United States alone.

What is most horrendous about this epidemic that is a non viral, self created anomaly which is readily curable? It is obesity; caused by the overeating, eating the wrong type of foods and lack of exercise that is the way of life for too many people in the beginning of the 21st century. The only cure for obesity comes from within.

The only way that the medical profession can help in finding a cure is to advise the people who suffer from it how much damage they are doing to themselves and their loved ones by continuing to follow this blinkered path of self indulgence. A glimmer of hope is that many of the fast food chains, who have made their name and their fortune, are standing by the side of the health authorities in warning the public of the dangers of adhering to a diet of toxic laden, grease filler junk foods.

Increasingly more these huge fast food chains are altering their menus to place more of an emphasis on healthier eating, and reducing their reliance on cholesterol laden fats when frying their food.

It is estimated that the current costs of treating chronically overweight people is costing the US health authorities more than 50 billion dollars every year. This sun will fade into insignificance if the obesity epidemic is not checked. Increased awareness of the physical and financial ramifications of obesity is slowly taking effect and more and more people are turning the corner in curing themselves from the disease.

This involves applying disciplines that have remained unused for too long. To eat less, and to eat healthier and to exercise more. The first step in this new regime is to have the colon flushed to rid it of all the junk and grease that has accumulated there. This will have a double pronged effect. Firstly to wipe the slate clean and have the colon working at its maximum capability. This will bring on a more positive feeling that the new disciple to healthy living will want to continue. Gradually they will cure themselves of their obesity, and hopefully ensure themselves of a longer and healthier life.

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